About Hesperiidae

The Hesperiidae family, commonly known as skippers, includes over 3,500 species worldwide. They are characterized by their rapid, skipping flight patterns, small to medium-sized wings, and stout bodies. These butterflies belong to the order Lepidoptera and are distinguished by their hooked antennae and wide-set eyes. Skippers are often less colorful than other butterfly families, with earthy tones like brown, orange, or gray, but some species display striking patterns. Hesperiidae butterflies inhabit a wide range of environments, from grasslands to forests and urban gardens.

This page serves as a gateway to explore the many genera and species within the Hesperiidae family. Use the pagination below to browse species by letter, or read on to learn more about their key characteristics and distribution.

Key Genera of Hesperiidae

• Epargyreus: A genus of skippers found primarily in the Americas, known for their fast flight and silver-spotted wings. Notable species include Epargyreus clarus, the Silver-spotted Skipper.
• Hesperia: This genus includes species like Hesperia comma (Common Branded Skipper), found in North America and Europe. They are often small with orange or brown wings and distinctive markings.
• Urbanus: A genus of skippers common in Central and South America, including Urbanus proteus (Long-tailed Skipper), known for its iridescent blue-green tails.
• Thymelicus: Known for species like Thymelicus sylvestris (Small Skipper), this genus is prevalent in Europe and Asia, often seen in grassy habitats with compact, orange wings.

Distribution and Habitat

Hesperiidae butterflies are found on every continent except Antarctica, with significant diversity in tropical and subtropical regions. In North America, species like Epargyreus clarus thrive in open fields and gardens. In South America, genera like Urbanus dominate rainforests and savannas. European species, such as Thymelicus sylvestris, are common in meadows and grasslands. In Africa and Asia, skippers are often found in diverse habitats, from woodlands to mountainous regions.

Skippers prefer habitats with abundant nectar sources and host plants for their larvae, such as grasses and legumes. Many species are highly adaptable, thriving in disturbed areas like roadsides and urban parks. Conservation efforts are important for some Hesperiidae species, as habitat loss and pesticide use impact their populations.